EN:Food Coloring
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Food coloring is a substance added to food to produce a desired color. Colorings are divided into natural and synthetic types and are regulated in the European Union by Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008.
Natural colorings
They are obtained from plant, animal, or mineral sources:
- E100 – curcumin – yellow, from turmeric
- E120 – cochineal – red, from the cochineal insect
- E140 – chlorophyll – green, from leafy greens
- E160a – beta-carotene – orange, from carrots
- E162 – betalain – purple, from beetroot
- E153 – vegetable carbon – black
Synthetic colorings
They are less expensive and more color-stable, but the health effects of some are debated. Well-known examples include tartrazine (E102), azorubine (E122), and brilliant blue (E133).
Uses
Food colorings are added to biscuits, sweets, drinks, ice cream, icing, and marzipan. In home baking and confectionery, they are most commonly sold as liquid, gel, or powder food colors.
See also: Food color, Food colors